»ó´Ü¿©¹é
HOME ¿¬Àç ±Í½Å ¾Ä³ª¶ô ±î¸Ô´Â ¼Ò¸®
¶Ë ¸ÔÀ̱â[±Í½Å ¾Ä³ª¶ô ±î¸Ô´Â ¼Ò¸®(668)] À̽ÂÈ£ µ¿È­ÀÛ°¡
  • °ü¸®ÀÚ
  • ½ÂÀÎ 2020.05.07 13:04
  • ´ñ±Û 0

(1) Çѱ¹ ¸ñ»çÀÇ ‘¶Ë ¸ÔÀ̱â’

¾î¶² ±³È¸ÀÇ ¾î¶² ¸ñ»ç°¡ ½ÅÀڵ鿡°Ô ¶ËÀ» ¸Ô¿´´Ü´Ù. ‘½Å¾Ó ÈÆ·Ã’À̶ó´Â ¹Ì¸íÇÏ¿¡ 'ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¶Ë ¸Ô±â'¸¦ Àº¿¬Áß °­¿äÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

“±× ´ç½Ã ¸®´õ°¡ ÀκÐÀ» ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ±ÇÀåÇß´Ù. ¸ðÀÓ ¶§ ÀκÐÀ» ¸ÔÀº ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷À» ĪÂùÇÏ´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ» º¸¸é¼­ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº ‘³ªµµ ¸Ô¾î¾ß µÈ´Ù’´Â »ý°¢ÇßÀ» °Í....”

“Á¶º° ¸®´õ°¡ ³»°Ô ÀκÐÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸¶ó°í Áö½ÃÇß°í, ´ç½Ã ¹Ù·Î ÇÏÁö´Â ¸øÇßÁö¸¸ ³ªÁß¿¡ °èȹǥ¸¦ ¿Ã¸° µÚ ¸®´õÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀκР¸Ô´Â ¿µ»óÀ» º¸³Â´Ù.”

“´ç½Ã ¸®´õ°¡ µÇ°í ½Í¾î¼­ °ÅÀÇ ¹ÌÄ£ »óÅ¿´°í, ±×¶§´Â ±×°Ô ¿Ã¹Ù¸£´Ù°í »ý°¢Çߴµ¥ µ¹ÀÌÄѺ¸´Ï ¼¼³úÀÇ ±ØÄ¡¿´´Ù. ‘¾î¶»°Ô ³»°¡ ÀκÐÀ» ¸ÔÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö’¶ó´Â »ý°¢À» ¸ø ÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ½É°¢ÇÑ ¼¼³ú »óÅ¿´´Ù.”

¶Ë±³È¸ÀÇ ¶Ë¸ñ»ç´Â 'À½½Ä¹° ¾²·¹±âÅë µé¾î°¡±â', '°øµ¿¹¦Áö °¡¼­ ¼­·Î äÂïÁúÇϱâ', 'ºÒ°¡¸¶ µé¾î°¡¼­ °ßµð±â', '¾ç¼ö¸®¿¡¼­ ¼­¿ï±îÁö Á¦ÇÑµÈ ½Ã°£ ¾È¿¡ °È±â', 'Àá ¾È ÀÚ°í ¹öƼ±â' µîµî º° ¿±±âÀû ¶ËÁþµµ °­¿äÇß´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

(2) ³×ÆÈ ¹«´çÀÇ ‘¶Ë ¸ÔÀ̱â’

³×ÆÈ¿¡¼­´Â Áß¼¼À¯·´ÀÇ ¸¶³à»ç³ÉÀÌ ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀçÇöµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¶³à·Î Áö¸ñµÈ ¿©¼ºµé¿¡°Ô´Â ±¸Å¸ µî ¿Â°® °í¹®ÀÌ °¡ÇØÁø´Ù. ¿ÊÀ» ¹þ°Ü °Å¸® ÇàÁøÀ» ½ÃÅ°±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù.

°¡Àå ¿±±âÀûÀΠó¹úÀº ‘¶Ë ¸ÔÀ̱⒴Ù. ¿Ö ¶ËÀ» ¸ÔÀ̳ª. ‘¸¶³àµéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÁÖ¼úÀû ÈûÀ» ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ À¯Áö-°­È­Çϱâ À§ÇØ È¤µ¶ÇÑ ½ÄÀÌ¿ä¹ýÀ» ÇÑ´Ù’´Â ÀÌ»óÇÑ ¹ÏÀ½°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

¸¶³à ´©¸íÀ» ¾´ ¿©¼ºÀº ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ °æ¿ì »ç¸Á¿¡ À̸£±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÁÖ°üÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¹«´çÀÌ´Ù. ¶Ë¹«´çÀÌ´Ù.

(ºÎ·Ï)

¶Ë¹«´ç

Jhākri (Nepali: झाक्री). shaman. witch doctor. ¹«ÀÇ(Ùãì¢). It is sometimes reserved specifically for practitioners of Nepali shamanism. The witch doctors called Dhami and Jhankri who are thought to possess a sort of supernatural power try to diagnose the patient through a ritual. People mostly in remote areas depend on these doctors for treatment. Jhākris perform rituals during weddings, funerals, and harvests. They are also known for performing a form of voluntary spirit possession, whereby they allow the supposed spirit of the dead to possess them for a brief time thereby allowing family members to communicate for a brief period of time. The practice is called "Chinta". Their practices are influenced by Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism, Mun, and Bön rites.

óÇüÀÇ ÁÖ°üÀÚ´Â ¶Ë¹«´ç

Jhākris play a key role in providing an authoritative accusation against the targeted victim in order to rouse the whole community to participate in the violence. It has been suggested that witch-hunts serve to discipline all women, preventing them from asserting their rights.

°ø¹üµé

°¡Á·, ÀÌ¿ô µî. Áö¿ªÀÇ À¯Áö Á¤Ä¡ÀÎ ±³»ç °æÂû°üÀÌ ¿¬·çµÇ´Â °æ¿ìµµ Çã´Ù. The perpetrators are usually neighbours or residents of the same village, and occasionally family or close relatives, usually armed with accusations from shamans/witch-doctors. Politicians, teachers, police officers, and other respected members of the community have also been implicated in various incidents.

¢ºShaman witch doctors are still common in the Himalayan nation where villages are often cut off from modern science and healthcare.

¸¶³à»ç³É

Witch-hunts are still occurring in Nepal in the twenty-first century, and the persecution of marginalised individuals of the community, especially women, still persists.

¿Ö ¶ËÀ» ¸ÔÀ̳ª

Non-murderous witch-hunts usually include feeding of excrement, as it is believed that witches must follow a strict dietary regimen of purity to retain their magical powers.

³×ÆÈ ¿©ÀÎÀÇ Áõ¾ð

“I am a widow and my village blamed me that I caused the death of my husband. When a young buffalo died, the situation got worse – the people of my village said that I am a witch and it was again my fault. The members of the village beat and tortured me. They hit me very hard and tried to make me eat human excrement. ÀÌÇÏ»ý·«.” (Sahana, Widow, One child. www.womenepal.org )

¸¶³à´Â ¼ÓÁ˾ç

In many instances, witch-hunts are simply tribal scapegoating measures carried out to serve ulterior motives, like getting revenge, or winning property disputes.

¸¶³àÀÇ Á¤Ã¼

¸¶³à(Bōksī, Nepali : बोक्स). orcerer or witch. ÇÒ¸Ó´Ï, °úºÎ, õ¹Î°è±Þ µî ¾àÀÚµé. The victims are usually poor elderly women, free-spirited young women, widows, women of lower castes, or any possible combination of the above. As such, suspected witches are completely marginalised from the community even if they have received no public accusations or violence.

¹è¿î³ðµéµµ....

¹è¿î³ðµéµµ ¸¶³àÀÇ Á¸À縦 ¹Ï»þ¿É´Ï´Ù! Even highly educated people do believe in boksi.

¸¶³àÀÇ ÇÁ·ÎÇÊ

¾ó±¼¿¡ ÅÐ ³­, ¸Ó¸®¿¡ ÅÐ ºüÁø, ²ÙºÎÁ¤ÇÑ, ´« »¡°£, È¥ÀÚ Áß¾ó°Å¸®´Â, ¸» ¸¹Àº, ¾Ö ¸ø ³º´Â ¿©ÀÚ´Â ¸¶³à´Ù! Facial hair or baldness in women, stooped posture, cantankerousness, garrulousness, red or yellow eyes, infertility, and talking to oneself are some of the characteristics that can get a person suspected or accused of witchcraft.

óÇü°ú ó¹ú

È­Çü, ±¸Å¸ µî °í¹®... ¿Ê ¹þ°Ü °Å¸®·Î ³»Âѱ⵵. Execution may be carried out by burning alive. Many victims succumb to their injuries from torture and assault. The accused may be paraded naked, with their faces blackened with soot or battery powder, and a garland of shoes around their neck, made to feed on excrement, shaved, beaten, tortured and banished from the village. The accused may be made to put their hand on red-hot iron and inhale fumes from burning chillies.

´©¸í

Witchcraft may be blamed in Nepali societies for material loss, sickness of cattle, and other problems, in addition to mental and physical illnesses in humans. It is also believed that witches can give deadly or chronic diseases by means of food or drinks.

³²Æí Àâ¾Æ¸ÔÀº ³â!

³²ÆíÀÌ Á×À¸¸é ¸¶³à ´©¸í ¾º¿ö Àç»êÀ» »©¾ÑÀ½. The most vulnerable group are the widows who may be accused of killing their own husbands using witchcraft. Such an accusation against a widow is almost always used as a means to prevent her from inheriting her husband's property. A significant number of victims are poor Dalit women.


(°ü·Ã±â»ç 1)

“ÀκР¸Ô´Â ¿µ»ó±îÁö º¸³»…¼¼³úÀÇ ±ØÄ¡¿´´Ù” ‘¿±±â ±³È¸’ Æø·Î

ÀκР¼·Ã븦 °­¿äÇÏ´Â µî ¿±±âÀû ÈÆ·ÃÀ¸·Î ³í¶õ¿¡ ÈÛ½ÎÀÎ ¼­¿ï ½Ã³» ±³È¸ÀÇ ÇÇÇØ ½ÅµµµéÀÌ ±âÀÚȸ°ßÀ» ¿­°í Æø·Î¿¡ ³ª¼¹´Ù.

ÇÇÇØ Á¦º¸ÀÚ 24¸íÀº 5ÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ ¼­¿ï °­ºÏ±¸ ¼ÒÀç ÇѺû±³È¸ ¿¹¹è´ç¿¡¼­ ±âÀÚȸ°ßÀ» ¿­°í “ÈÆ·ÃÀ̶ó´Â ¸í¸ñ ¾Æ·¡ ¾ÆÁ÷ ¾È¿¡¼­ Ȥ»ç´çÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÅµµµéÀ» ±¸ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù”°í ¹àÇû´Ù. À̳¯ ±âÀÚȸ°ßÀº Á¦º¸ÀÚµéÀÇ ½Å¿ø º¸È£¸¦ À§ÇØ À̵éÀÇ ¾ó±¼À» °ø°³ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ä ÁøÇàµÆ´Ù.

Á¦º¸ÀÚµéÀº “´ç½Ã ÈƷÿ¡¼­ °Þ¾ú´ø ÀϵéÀÌ À߸øµÈ ÇൿÀ̶ó´Â °É ±ú´Ý´Â µ¥ ¿À·£ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É·È´Ù”¸ç ÀÔÀ» ¿­¾ú´Ù. ÇÑ ½Åµµ´Â “±× ´ç½Ã ¸®´õ°¡ ÀκÐÀ» ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ±ÇÀåÇß´Ù”¸ç “¸ðÀÓ ¶§ ÀκÐÀ» ¸ÔÀº ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷À» ĪÂùÇÏ´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ» º¸¸é¼­ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº ‘³ªµµ ¸Ô¾î¾ß µÈ´Ù’´Â »ý°¢ÇßÀ» °Í”À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.

ÀÌ¾î “Á¶º° ¸®´õ°¡ ³»°Ô ÀκÐÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸¶ó°í Áö½ÃÇß°í, ´ç½Ã ¹Ù·Î ÇÏÁö´Â ¸øÇßÁö¸¸ ³ªÁß¿¡ °èȹǥ¸¦ ¿Ã¸° µÚ ¸®´õÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀκР¸Ô´Â ¿µ»óÀ» º¸³Â´Ù”°í µ¡ºÙ¿´´Ù.

¶Ç “´ç½Ã ¸®´õ°¡ µÇ°í ½Í¾î¼­ °ÅÀÇ ¹ÌÄ£ »óÅ¿´°í, ±×¶§´Â ±×°Ô ¿Ã¹Ù¸£´Ù°í »ý°¢Çߴµ¥ µ¹ÀÌÄѺ¸´Ï ¼¼³úÀÇ ±ØÄ¡¿´´Ù”¸é¼­ “‘¾î¶»°Ô ³»°¡ ÀκÐÀ» ¸ÔÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö’¶ó´Â »ý°¢À» ¸ø ÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ½É°¢ÇÑ ¼¼³ú »óÅ¿´´Ù”°í Åоî³ù´Ù. (ÈÄ·«, ±¹¹ÎÀϺ¸ 2020.05.06.)

(°ü·Ã±â»ç 2)


Branded witch, woman force-fed human excreta in Nepal

A 35-year-old woman in Nepal was allegedly thrashed and forced to eat human faeces by a group of villagers in the latest attack linked to accusations of witchcraft, police said on Sunday.

A group of five women beat the victim and force-fed her human excreta at Birta village of Bhangaha area in Mahottari district on Monday, they said.

The accused have been identified as Sabita Devi, Poshila Danuwar, Indra Devi Singh Danuwar, Sukeshwori Devi and Rajeshree Anuwar, Superintendent of Police Shyam Krishna Adhikari said.

Sukeshwori and Rajashree have been taken into police custody, he said, adding that they have initiated an investigation into the matter.

The practice of accusing women of being witches and assaulting or killing them is still common is some parts of Nepal, although it is illegal. (indiatoday, Aug 19, 2019)

¢ºThe persecution and killing of women in the name of practicing witchcraft is still very prevalent in Nepal.

°ü¸®ÀÚ  freemediaf@gmail.com

<ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÚ © ÀÚÀ¯¾ð·Ð½ÇõÀç´Ü, ¹«´Ü ÀüÀç ¹× Àç¹èÆ÷ ±ÝÁö>

Back to Top